What is the function of a neutralizer in a perming process?

In the perming process, a neutralizer plays a crucial role in halting the chemical reaction that occurs during the application of the perm solution. The perm solution breaks down the hair's natural protein structure, allowing it to be reshaped into curls. Once the desired curl pattern is created, the neutralizer is applied to stop this chemical process effectively.

Additionally, the neutralizer works to restore the hair's pH balance, which is important because the perm solution typically raises the pH of the hair to facilitate the restructuring of the protein bonds. By restoring the pH, the neutralizer helps to lock in the new shape of the hair and return it to a more natural state, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity and health of the hair after the perm. This function ensures that the curls are set and that the hair is less prone to damage from remaining alkali conditions.

The other options presented do not align with the primary purpose of a neutralizer in the context of perming. Adding color, promoting hair growth, or removing excess oils do not relate to the chemical restructuring or pH restoration needed in perming, highlighting the specificity of the neutralizer’s function in the overall process.